Study on release and antioxidant activity of quercetin after loaded by hot alkali hydrolysis modified UiO-66 material / 药学学报

UiO-66 (University of Oslo 66) is a kind of promising material that can improve the release and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble bioactive compounds of traditional Chinese medicine. However, the loading of quercetin in raw UiO-66 was not ideal. In this study, UiO-66-BH (UiO-66-blend-heating) was obtained by heating UiO-66 and KOH solution following blended them. UiO-66-BH maintained the outline of octahedral structure of UiO-66 but with obvious rough and uneven pores on the surface. UiO-66-BH had good adsorption of quercetin with saturation adsorption was 138.92 mg·g-1, the adsorption process belonged to single molecular layer adsorption and was controlled by chemisorption. UiO-66-BH can control the release of quercetin in simulated gastrointestinal fluid, and the drug concentration was significantly higher than that of free quercetin after long-term release (36% vs 9%). Compared with quercetin, the ABTS (2,2′-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) ammonium salt) radical scavenging activity of UiO-66-BH@quercetin drug delivery system decreased, while the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity remained almost unchanged. The drug delivery system showed a strong antioxidant effect similar to quercetin. The findings indicated that UiO-66-BH could control release of quercetin and was expected to be used as a drug carrier material for some insoluble active components of traditional Chinese medicine such as quercetin.

Effect of Flurbiprofen Axetil on Low-frequency Fluctuation Amplitude of Resting-state Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Trigeminal Neuralgia / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To observe the changes of brain function in patients with trigeminal neuralgia after administration of flurbiprofen axetil by using the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)and based on the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(ALFF). Methods Resting fMRI data of 20 patients with trigeminal neuralgia before and after treatment with flurbiprofen axetil were collected by 1.5T magnetic resonance imaging system.The resting fMRI data were pretreated by Statistical Parametric Mapping and DPABI(a toolbox for Data Processing and Analysis for Brain Imaging)software,and the difference of low-frequency oscillation amplitude of brain spontaneous activity before and after treatment with flurbiprofen axetil was analyzed by ALFF. Results The Visual Analogue Scale of pain intensity after flurbiprofen axetil injection was significantly lower than that before administration,and the pain relieved significantly(P=0.000).The ALFF values of right dorsolateral prefrontal lobe,bilateral medial prefrontal lobe,and right middle cingulate gyrus in patients treated with flurbiprofen axetil at rest were significantly lower than those before administration(P=0.000). Conclusions The analgesic effect of flurbiprofen axetil is exerted on the central system.This agent can inhibit the abnormal brain function caused by chronic pain stimulation and thus reduce pain.However,the specific mechanism needs further investigations.

An analysis on the surveillance results of safety of post-marketing immunization of varicella attenuated live vaccine in Henan Province / 预防医学

Objective To analyze the characteristics of adverse reactions for varicella attenuated live vaccine (VarV) in Henan Province from 2011 to 2016, in order to evaluate the immunization safety related to VarV. Methods The adverse reaction data and vaccination doses of VarV in Henan Province from 2011 to 2016 were collected through the China Information Management System for Immunization Programming. The descriptive methodology was used for data analysis. Results A total of 686 adverse reactions cases were reported in Henan Province from 2011 to 2016, and the average reported incidence rate was 16.89 per 100000 dose. The ratio of male to female was 1.14:1, and 80.61% cases occurred between 1 and 2 years old, and the reported incidence rate was 13.62 per 100000 dose. And 32.80% cases were reported from April to June, and the reported incidence rate was 5.54 per 100000 dose. The cases were mainly concentrated in Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Zhoukou and Xinyang. Most cases occurred after the first dose and within 1 d after vaccination. The main diagnoses of adverse reactions were fever, local swelling, indurations and transient anaphylactic disorders. The reported incidence rate of anaphylactic shock and fever convulsion were 0.37 per 100000 dose and 0.12 per 100000 dose respectively. All cases were recovered or got better. Conclusion The safety of VarV was good in Henan Province. However, the surveillance should focus on the anaphylactic shock and fever convulsion and other serious rare adverse reaction.

Trans-extradural approach to resect trigeminal schwannomas involving the cavernous sinus region / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the techniques and effect of extradural approach for the resection of trigeminal schwannomas involving the cavernous sinus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-three patients (range 26-63 years, mean age 46.2 years) with trigeminal schwannomas involving the cavernous sinus treated by middle fossa extradural approach were retrospectively analyzed. Frontotemporal orbitozygomatic extradural approach was performed in 2 patients. Frontotemporal zygomatic extradural approach was carried out in 21 patients. The first follow-up visit was on the 3rd month after surgery, and if residual was observed on enhanced MRI, then the patient was followed up every 6 months; otherwise, the patient was followed up every 8-12 months.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The length of hospital stay after surgery was 7-13 days (mean 8.5 days). Two tumors originated from the ophthalmic branch, 2 from the maxillary branch, 5 from the mandibular branch and 14 from the gasserian ganglion. Total resection was achieved in 21 of the 23 patients (91.3%) and subtotal resection in the other 2 patients. All the patients were followed up from 3 months to 4 years. Median follow-up time was 19 months. The most common symptom was facial hypoesthesia, occurring in 18 patients. This symptom improved in 10 patients and worsened in 8 patients after surgery. New postoperative facial hypoesthesia was observed in 2 patients. Facial pain was observed in 3 patients and subsided after surgery. Two patients had loss of hearing, this symptom improved in 1 patient and worsened in 1 patient after surgery. Diplopia was observed in 6 patients. In 1 of these 6 patients, diplopia resulted from palsy of the oculomotor nerve. In the other 5 patients, diplopia resulted from palsy of the abducens nerve. This symptom improved postoperatively in all these 6 patients. New postoperative atrophy of the temporalis muscle was observed in 3 patients. There was no operation-related mortality. Tumor recurrence was only found in 1 patient after 24 months and was treated by Gamma knife.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The middle fossa extradural approach may be an ideal option for the resection of trigeminal schwannomas involving the cavernous sinus. This approach produces no further impairment, less complication, and is less likely to injured the trigeminal nerve, abducens nerve, trochlear nerve and internal carotid artery.</p>

Surveillance of adverse events following immunization in Henan Province, China between 2010-2011 / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the epidemiological features of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) in Henan Province, China and to evaluate the safety of vaccines currently used in Henan.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The AEFI cases reported in Henan from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2011 were collected through the China Surveillance System of Information on National Immunization Program. The descriptive method was used for epidemiological analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 2415 cases of AEFI were reported in Henan from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2011, and 1238 (51.26%) of them were found in Zhengzhou, Luoyang, and Jiaozuo cities. The male-to-female ratio was 1.32:1. Seven hundred and ninety-nine (33.08%) of these cases were less than one year old. Measles vaccine and DPT vaccine (against diphtheria, pertussis, and tetanus) were the main causes of AEFI, contributing to 61.24% of cases; the incidence rates of AEFI among people receiving measles and DPT vaccines were 30.3/105 and 5.0/105, respectively. 1528 cases (63.27%) developed AEFI after the first dose of vaccination. Inflammation and allergic symptoms were the predominant adverse effects caused by the top 5 vaccines AEFI-causing vaccines, and the clinical manifestations were significantly different among AEFI cases caused by different vaccines (χ2=304.5, P<0.001). Among the 2415 AEFI cases, 1946 (80.58%) had common adverse reaction, 348 (14.41%) had rare adverse reaction, 98 (4.06%) had coupling disease, 13 (0.51%) had psychogenic reaction, and 10 (0.41%) had reaction for unknown reasons. The prognosis of most AEFI cases was good, with a cure rate as high as 90.64%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>AEFI occurs mostly in young children and after the first dose of vaccination. This should be brought to the attention of vaccination service personnel and the children's parents.</p>

Study on the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Henan province during 2004-2006 / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Henan province during 2004-2006 and to evaluate the quality of measles special report system (MSS) in order to provide evidence for strategies and measures development for measles prevention and control.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Data were collected from the National Notifiable Disease Report System (NNDRS) and MSS on epidemiological characteristics of measles in Henan province during 2004-2006.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The sensitivity of MSS was lower than that of NNDRS in Henan province during 2004-2006. The incidence of measles appeared to be 2.54/100 000 in 2004 increased to 8/100 000 during 2005-2006. The incidence of measles was higher in the central part of the province during the recent years with cases concentrated in March to May every year. The percentage of cases from age groups < 8 months and 8 months to 1 year olds increased yearly. All the cases with no or unclear vaccination record took up 77.13%, with 18.23% of the measles cases fell into the floating population.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Improving the 2 doses and timely coverage rate of the first dose of measles vaccine strategy was essential for measles control and prevention. In order to improve the quality of measles surveillance program, the advantage of MSS and NNDRS should be integrated.</p>

Study on the authenticity of parents' memory on their children's immunization status / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the authenticity of the parents' memory on their children's immunization status.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two counties and 1 district in each of the 18 prefectures were selected, and parents of the children 1 - 2 years old, residents in counties or floating in district, were studied on the authenticity of their memory regarding their children's immunization status.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The rates of inoculation with all the four expanded programme on immunization (EPI) vaccines were 89.7% in the whole province, and 77.9% among floating children. The authenticity of the reply from parents on their children, inoculation status with vaccines was above 96%. However, less than 50% of the parents could remember what specific vaccines that their children had received. The authenticity of parents' memory was higher in the parents with high school or college education than those who were illiterates or only having had elementary school education. Mothers had better memory than the fathers. Of the children whose parents could not remember the vaccination status, 97% of them had been inoculated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The definite answer of parents to children's immunization status had high creditability, especially when the mothers having had more schooling. Those children whose parents failed to remember whether vaccination had been received should not be ranked as unimmuned.</p>